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Oder
The Oder ((:ˈoːdɐ); Czech and (ポーランド語:Odra))〔(:ˈodra), 〕 is a river in Central Europe. It rises in the Czech Republic and flows (generally north- and northwest-ward) through western Poland, later forming of the border between Poland and Germany, part of the Oder–Neisse line. The river ultimately flows into the Szczecin Lagoon north of Szczecin and then into three branches (the Dziwna, Świna and Peene) that empty into the Gulf of Pomerania of the Baltic Sea.
== Names ==
The Oder is known by several names in different languages, but the modern ones are very similar: English and ; Czech, Polish, and , ; (); Medieval Latin: ''Od(d)era''; Renaissance Latin: ''Viadrus'' (invented in 1534). Ptolemy gives for the localization of modern ''Oder'' a river Συήβος (''Suebos'', Latin: Suevus, from the name for the tribe of the Suebi), which resembles the modern name Świna for the main connection from the Szczecin Lagoon to the Baltic Sea. A mouth named Οὐιαδούα (or Οὐιλδούα, graphical similarity of Α and Λ), therefore Latin Viadua or Vildua, is localized by him at one third of the distance between Suebos and Vistula, maybe it is modern Wieprz.〔(Claudius Ptolemaios: ''Geographike Hyphegesis'', Kap. 11: ''Germania Magna''. (altgriech./lat./engl.) )〕〔Ralf Loock: ''(Mündungen der Flüsse bestimmt. )'' In: ''Märkische Oderzeitung'', Frankfurt 2008,3 (März); Ralf Loock: ''Namenskrimi um Viadrus'' in: ''Märkische Oderzeitung – Journal.'' Frankfurt 25./26. Nov. 2006, S. 2; siehe auch Alfred Stückelberger, Gerd Graßhoff (Hrsg.): ''Ptolemaios – Handbuch der Geographie.'' Schwabe, Basel 2006, S. 223, ISBN 3-7965-2148-7〕
In Old Church Slavonic language, the name of the river is Vjodr.〔(Encyclopædia Britannica's 9th edition 1870–1890: ''Oder''& )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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